A1 Objectives
B1 Describe what happened to Jesus on the Cross.
B2 Explain what was accomplished on the Cross.
A2 Scriptures
B1 John 19:17-37 The Crucifixion
B2 Romans 5:6-9 Christ took our place
B3 2 Corinthians 5:21 Jesus became sin
B4 Isaiah 53:1-12 Prophecy of the Suffering Messiah
A3 Notes
B1 See the graphics/handout section below
A4 Questions
B1 When did Jesus's suffering start?
B2 Why the cross? Why not hanging, stoning, or some other method? ("And just as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up." (John 3:14, EMTV)
B3 Why did He have to carry His cross? (It's part of His suffering).
B4 Why outside the city?
C1 "Nevertheless I must journey today, tomorrow, and the next day; for it is not possible for a prophet to perish outside of Jerusalem." (Luke 13:33, EMTV)
C2 Compare: "And their dead bodies will lie on the street of the great city which spiritually is called Sodom and Egypt, where also their Lord was crucified." (Revelation 11:8, EMTV)
B5 Did Jesus want to be in Jerusalem? ("Now it came to pass, when the time had come for Him to be received up, that He steadfastly set His face to go to Jerusalem." (Luke 9:51, EMTV)
B6 Didn't the rulers know this was Messiah? ("For those dwelling in Jerusalem, and their rulers, because they did not know Him, nor the voices of the Prophets which are read according to each Sabbath, condemning him, they fulfilled the Scriptures. And finding no cause for death, they asked Pilate that He be executed." (Acts 13:27-28, EMTV)
B7 Jesus was nailed to the cross approximately the 3rd hour (9AM) and willingly gave up His spirit at the 9th hour (3PM/1500). Why did Jesus suffer on the cross for 6 hours instead of 4, 10, or some other time?
B8 Why did Jesus give up His spirit? Didn't He just die? What is the purpose of His shouting in a loud voice? What does it mean, "It is finished?"
B9 Why did darkness cover the land for 3 hours?
C1 Utley: "Theologically, it was a symbol of God's turning away from His Son as He bore the sins of the world. This personal spiritual separation, as well as the burden of all the sins of all mankind, was what Jesus feared most."
C2 Matthew Henry:
"The indignities done to our Lord Jesus, made the heavens astonished, and horribly afraid, and even put them into disorder and confusion; such wickedness as this the sun never saw before, and therefore withdrew, and would not see this. This surprising, amazing, darkness was designed to stop the mouths of those blasphemers, who were reviling Christ as he hung on the cross; and it should seem that, for the present, it struck such a terror upon them, that though their hearts were not changed, yet they were silent, and stood doubting what this should mean, till after three hours the darkness scattered, and then (as appears by v. 47), like Pharaoh when the plague was over, they hardened their hearts. But that which was principally intended in this darkness, was, (1.) Christ's present conflict with the powers of darkness. Now the prince of this world, and his forces, the rulers of the darkness of this world, were to be cast out, to be spoiled and vanquished; and to make his victory the more illustrious, he fights them on their own ground; gives them all the advantage they could have against him by this darkness, lets them take the wind and sun, and yet baffles them, and so becomes more than a conqueror."
C3 Gill:
"This darkness that was over the earth at the time of Christ's sufferings, was, no doubt, an addition to them; the sun, as it were, hiding its face, and refusing to afford its comforting light and heat to him; and yet might be in detestation of the heinousness of the sin the Jews were committing, and as expressive of the divine anger and resentment; for God's purposes and decrees, and the end he had in view, did not excuse, nor extenuate their wickedness; as it shows also their wretched stupidity, not to be awakened and convinced by the amazing darkness, with other things attending it, which made no impression on them; though it did on the Roman centurion, who concluded Christ must be the Son of God. It was an emblem of the judicial blindness and darkness of the Jewish nation; and signified, that now was the hour and power of darkness, or the time for the prince of darkness, with his principalities and powers, to exert himself; and was a representation of that darkness that was now on the soul of Christ, expressed in the following verse; as well as of the eclipse of him, the sun of righteousness, of the glory of his person, both by his incarnation, and by his sufferings."
C4 College Press: "...the darkness is suggestive of the "outer darkness" and utter separation from the presence of the Lord to be suffered by those who do not let Jesus' suffering be the price of their redemption..."
B10 Romans 5:6-9
C1 Who did Jesus die for?
C2 Who is the ungodly?
C3 Was Jesus ungodly?
C4 Why does the Scriptures say "without strength/weak?" (We cannot save ourselves or come to Jesus without prevenient grace).
C5 How are we saved from wrath? (Through the blood of Christ).
B11 2 Corinthians 5:21
C1 Did Jesus sin? (No).
C2 Why did He have to be sinless?
C1 To be the lamb of God without blemish.
C2 If He had sinned, then He would be dying for His own sins, not the sins of others.
C3 How are we righteous? (Jesus died and paid the penalty for our sins).
B12 Isaiah 53:1-12 (Read Isaiah 52:13-53:12)
C1 Characteristics of Messiah
D1 Is this a suffering Messiah or glorified Messiah? (Suffering Messiah)
D2 Why is He a man of sorrows?
D3 Why did the Lord lay on Him the iniquity of us all?
C2 Effects of Messiah
D1 How are we healed?
D2 Healed from what? (Sin. "But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities; The chastisement for our peace was upon Him, And by His stripes we are healed". (Isaiah 53:5, NKJV)
C3 Sufferings of Messiah
D1 What prison did Jesus stay in? (The court of the High Priest then Pilate's).
D2 Wounded and bruised. What does this mean? When did He receive these? (At the floggings and beatings).
D3 When was He oppressed? (His freedom was taken away).
C4 Blessings on the Messiah
D1 What blessings did He receive? (Descendants (the adopted children of God), Eternity, to see the Lord's pleasure, satisfaction, joy of seeing people justified, great things, spoil (to rule the world), etc.
D2 Why does He get these?
C5 Why does Scripture say "bore the sin of many" instead of "bore the sin of all"? (Because He, himself, is sinless and did not have to bear His own).
A4 Graphics/Handouts
B1 Timeline (Courtesy of http://www.examiner.com/list/timeline-of-jesus-death-on-the-cross-what-happened-before-during-and-after)
C1 Before Jesus' Crucifixion
D1 Maundy Thursday Night
E1 The Last Supper takes place in the upper room.
E2 Jesus is in the Garden of Gethsemane.
E3 Jesus is betrayed and arrested.
E4 The religious leaders condemn Jesus.
D2 Friday Morning, 6 a.m.
E1 Jesus stands trial before Pilate.
E2 Jesus is sent to Herod.
D3 7 a.m.
E1 Jesus is returned to Pilate.
E2 Jesus is sentenced to death.
D4 8 a.m.
E1 Jesus is led away to Calvary.
E2 The Crucifixion
D5 9 a.m. - "The Third Hour"
The soldiers cast lots for Jesus' clothing.
D6 10 a.m.
Jesus is insulted and mocked.
D7 11 a.m.
E1 Jesus talks to two thieves on cross.
E2 Jesus speaks to His mother and John.
D8 Noon - "The Sixth Hour"
Darkness covers the land. At Jesus' birth it became light during the night. At His death darkness comes during the death.
D9 1 p.m.
E1 Jesus cries out to the Father.
E2 Jesus says, "I thirst."
D10 2 p.m.
Jesus says, "It is finished."
D11 3 p.m. - "The Ninth Hour"
E1 Jesus dies on the cross.
E2 Events Following Jesus' Death
F1 The earthquake happened.
F2 The centurion says, "Surely, he was the Son of God!"
F3 The soldiers break the thieves' legs; Jesus' had already died.
F4 The soldier pierced Jesus' side.
D12 Jesus is laid in the tomb.
D13 Jesus rose from the dead on the third day.
B2 Graphic http://www.bibleresearch.org/observancebook5/jesusfinalweek.html
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