11 May 2020
Devotional Notes Psalm 131+John 19
05 April 2017
The Crucifixion of Jesus
A King dies for His Subjects
- Pilate
- Pilate’s questions to Jesus Matthew 27:11-14
- Pilate’s release of prisoner Matthew 27:15-26
- Pilate’s soldiers mock Jesus Matthew 27:27-31
- Soldiers
- The Crucifixion Matthew 27:32-44
- The Death Matthew 27:45-56
- Types
- Physical
- Emotional
- Spiritual
- Financial
- Eternal
- Many others
- Characteristics
- Severe pain activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal–thyroid–gonadal system. This releases many hormones with many effects.
- Source of following image: https://www.slideshare.net/Hunyady/the-physiology-of-pain
- Points to consider from the image above
- Pain leads to dysfunction of many areas of the body.
- Effects on person
- Stress
- Release of cortisol
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Digestive problems
- Headaches
- Heart disease
- Sleep problems
- Weight gain
- Memory and concentration impairment
- More in depth information from a nursing viewpoint: https://www.nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/pain-management/anatomy-and-physiology-of-pain/1860931.article
- Effects of crucifixion
- Wrist
- Source of image: http://littleguyintheeye.com/good-friday/
- Nails
- Suffered for our sins. "For Christ also suffered once for sins, the just for the unjust, that He might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh but made alive by the Spirit," (1 Peter 3:18 NKJV)
- He carried our sins. "who Himself bore our sins in His own body on the tree, that we, having died to sins, might live for righteousness--by whose stripes you were healed." (1 Peter 2:24 NKJV)
- He was tortured in many ways. "Surely He has borne our griefs And carried our sorrows; Yet we esteemed Him stricken, Smitten by God, and afflicted. But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities; The chastisement for our peace was upon Him, And by His stripes we are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray; We have turned, every one, to his own way; And the LORD has laid on Him the iniquity of us all." (Isaiah 53:4-6 NKJV)
- He was cursed by God. "Christ has redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us (for it is written, "Cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree")," (Galatians 3:13 NKJV)
- The physical suffering was great but His spiritual suffering was even greater. "And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, "Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?" that is, "My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?"" (Matthew 27:46 NKJV)
- Brian Williams in the D6 Fusion Teaching Guide for March to May 2017 points out three crimes that Jesus was accused of
- Misleading the nation
- Forbidding the payment of taxes
- Claiming to be a king
- Romans allowed no rival king/kingdoms. Jesus answers with incredible wisdom. "Then Pilate entered the Praetorium again, called Jesus, and said to Him, "Are You the King of the Jews? "Jesus answered him, "Are you speaking for yourself about this, or did others tell you this concerning Me? "Pilate answered, "Am I a Jew? Your own nation and the chief priests have delivered You to me. What have You done? "Jesus answered, "My kingdom is not of this world. If My kingdom were of this world, My servants would fight, so that I should not be delivered to the Jews; but now My kingdom is not from here. "Pilate therefore said to Him, "Are You a king then?" Jesus answered, "You say rightly that I am a king. For this cause I was born, and for this cause I have come into the world, that I should bear witness to the truth. Everyone who is of the truth hears My voice."" (John 18:33-37 NKJV). He is a king but of a different kingdom.
- Jesus was innocent.
- King Herod said so ""no, neither did Herod, for I sent you back to him; and indeed nothing deserving of death has been done by Him." (Luke 23:15 NKJV)
- Pilate said so "So Pilate said to the chief priests and the crowd, "I find no fault in this Man."" (Luke 23:4 NKJV)
- Pilate’s wife said so "While he was sitting on the judgment seat, his wife sent to him, saying, "Have nothing to do with that just Man, for I have suffered many things today in a dream because of Him."" (Matthew 27:19 NKJV)
- Why did Pilate ask the question “Are you the King of the Jews?”
- Why didn't Jesus answer the accusations of the religious crowd of Jews?
- Do you think Pilate was surprised that the Jews choose Barabbas?
- In verse 23, Pilate asks, “Why, what evil has he done?” Why didn’t the religious crowd answer Pilate?
- What are the implications of "And all the people answered and said, "His blood be on us and on our children." (Matthew 27:25 NKJV)
- Is there a problem with the religious leaders say, "saying, "Did we not strictly command you not to teach in this name? And look, you have filled Jerusalem with your doctrine, and intend to bring this Man's blood on us!"" (Acts 5:28 NKJV)
- Why were the soldiers making fun of Jesus?
- Consider
- The plowers plowed upon my back: they made long their furrows. (Psalms 129:3 [KJV]
- I gave my back to the smiters, and my cheeks to them that plucked off the hair: I hid not my face from shame and spitting. (Isaiah 50:6 [KJV])
- But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. (Isaiah 53:5 [KJV]
- Are people today still working at killing the Lord Jesus? How?
- The things that the Lord Jesus experienced--I deserved, but He willingly, lovingly, died for all humanity.
- Cyrene
- Many Jews lived here
- About 800 miles from Jerusalem
- Simon was there probably celebrating the Passover
- The drink
- On Bible.org (https://bible.org/seriespage/38-death-deaths#P3868_1183722 ) it is mentioned in footnote 190: “It is good to know that it was customary for a drug to be offered to the crucified so that some of the pain was mitigated. We read of the custom in Sanh. 43a, ‘When one is led out to execution, he is given a goblet of wine containing a grain of frankincense, in order to benumb his senses, for it is written, Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish and wine unto bitter in soul. And it has also been taught: The noble women in Jerusalem used to donate and bring it.’” (Ioncino edn., pp. 279f.) Ibid., p. 814, fn. 72.
- The “wine” is a mixture of grape vinegar and water.
- The “gall” is probably understood as something bitter, so too the “myrrh” of Mark 15:23
- It is thought it was something to dull pain and/or anxiety.
- Jesus refused to drink it. Why?
- The blasphemy
- The onlookers, the chief priests, scribes, elders, and the robbers all blasphemed Jesus.
- What words are the blasphemous words?
- Is it blasphemy to cuss, diss, Jesus?
- How are these words blasphemy?
- Did Jesus really die? How do we know?
- The sixth hour is our 1200 (noon) and the ninth hour is our 1500 (3PM).
- Did God really forsake Jesus?
- How can God forsake God?
- Did satan kill Jesus?
- Did Jesus die a natural death, that is, from natural processes?
- See
- “...even as the Father knows me, and I know the Father. I lay down my life for the sheep. I have other sheep, which are not of this fold. I must bring them also, and they will hear my voice. They will become one flock with one shepherd. Therefore the Father loves me, because I lay down my life, that I may take it again. No one takes it away from me, but I lay it down by myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. I received this commandment from my Father.” (John 10:15-18 [WEB])
- who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us out of this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father— (Galatians 1:4 [WEB])
- even as the Son of Man came not to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.” (Matthew 20:28 [WEB]
- Why is the Temple Veil torn in two?
- The purpose of the Temple Veil
- The Holy Place was a place where the priests ministered daily, but the Most Holy Place, Holy of Holies, was entered only once a year by the High Priest.
- The Most Holy Place was the room where God’s Presence was located.
- The doors to the Most Holy Place were always open, but the veil separated the two rooms.
- Any who entered there would die. No one could enter there to pray. This is because people are evil with unclean hearts.
- The rending of the Veil opened the way for believers to come and pray boldly in His presence.
- See
- Exodus 26:31-37
- Leviticus 16:11-14
- Thus we are taught
- Full atonement is complete (Hebrews 10:19-20).
- Jesus had completed the Passover atoning sacrifice in the true tabernacle in heaven (Hebrews 9:12 and Hebrews 9:24).
- Jesus is the Messiah, the one and only mediator between God and man (1 Timothy 2:5 and Hebrews 7:23-28)
- Believers can directly come and pray without a human priest (Romans 5:2, Ephesians 2:18, and Ephesians 3:12).
- Was the raising of some Old Testament saints for real or a non-inspired embellishment in the Scriptures?
- It is this real history? If not, then we don’t know what miraculous events are real or embellishments.
- God cannot lie.
- The centurion’s words literally read “Truly, God’s Son was this.”
- Why do we know that the Lord Jesus was truly dead?
- What benefit do believers have because of Jesus’s death?
- Death Defeated
- Theme: The Risen King
- Scripture: Matthew 28:1-15
10 April 2015
The Crucifixion
A1 Objectives
B1 Describe what happened to Jesus on the Cross.
B2 Explain what was accomplished on the Cross.
A2 Scriptures
B1 John 19:17-37 The Crucifixion
B2 Romans 5:6-9 Christ took our place
B3 2 Corinthians 5:21 Jesus became sin
B4 Isaiah 53:1-12 Prophecy of the Suffering Messiah
A3 Notes
B1 See the graphics/handout section below
A4 Questions
B1 When did Jesus's suffering start?
B2 Why the cross? Why not hanging, stoning, or some other method? ("And just as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up." (John 3:14, EMTV)
B3 Why did He have to carry His cross? (It's part of His suffering).
B4 Why outside the city?
C1 "Nevertheless I must journey today, tomorrow, and the next day; for it is not possible for a prophet to perish outside of Jerusalem." (Luke 13:33, EMTV)
C2 Compare: "And their dead bodies will lie on the street of the great city which spiritually is called Sodom and Egypt, where also their Lord was crucified." (Revelation 11:8, EMTV)
B5 Did Jesus want to be in Jerusalem? ("Now it came to pass, when the time had come for Him to be received up, that He steadfastly set His face to go to Jerusalem." (Luke 9:51, EMTV)
B6 Didn't the rulers know this was Messiah? ("For those dwelling in Jerusalem, and their rulers, because they did not know Him, nor the voices of the Prophets which are read according to each Sabbath, condemning him, they fulfilled the Scriptures. And finding no cause for death, they asked Pilate that He be executed." (Acts 13:27-28, EMTV)
B7 Jesus was nailed to the cross approximately the 3rd hour (9AM) and willingly gave up His spirit at the 9th hour (3PM/1500). Why did Jesus suffer on the cross for 6 hours instead of 4, 10, or some other time?
B8 Why did Jesus give up His spirit? Didn't He just die? What is the purpose of His shouting in a loud voice? What does it mean, "It is finished?"
B9 Why did darkness cover the land for 3 hours?
C1 Utley: "Theologically, it was a symbol of God's turning away from His Son as He bore the sins of the world. This personal spiritual separation, as well as the burden of all the sins of all mankind, was what Jesus feared most."
C2 Matthew Henry:
"The indignities done to our Lord Jesus, made the heavens astonished, and horribly afraid, and even put them into disorder and confusion; such wickedness as this the sun never saw before, and therefore withdrew, and would not see this. This surprising, amazing, darkness was designed to stop the mouths of those blasphemers, who were reviling Christ as he hung on the cross; and it should seem that, for the present, it struck such a terror upon them, that though their hearts were not changed, yet they were silent, and stood doubting what this should mean, till after three hours the darkness scattered, and then (as appears by v. 47), like Pharaoh when the plague was over, they hardened their hearts. But that which was principally intended in this darkness, was, (1.) Christ's present conflict with the powers of darkness. Now the prince of this world, and his forces, the rulers of the darkness of this world, were to be cast out, to be spoiled and vanquished; and to make his victory the more illustrious, he fights them on their own ground; gives them all the advantage they could have against him by this darkness, lets them take the wind and sun, and yet baffles them, and so becomes more than a conqueror."
C3 Gill:
"This darkness that was over the earth at the time of Christ's sufferings, was, no doubt, an addition to them; the sun, as it were, hiding its face, and refusing to afford its comforting light and heat to him; and yet might be in detestation of the heinousness of the sin the Jews were committing, and as expressive of the divine anger and resentment; for God's purposes and decrees, and the end he had in view, did not excuse, nor extenuate their wickedness; as it shows also their wretched stupidity, not to be awakened and convinced by the amazing darkness, with other things attending it, which made no impression on them; though it did on the Roman centurion, who concluded Christ must be the Son of God. It was an emblem of the judicial blindness and darkness of the Jewish nation; and signified, that now was the hour and power of darkness, or the time for the prince of darkness, with his principalities and powers, to exert himself; and was a representation of that darkness that was now on the soul of Christ, expressed in the following verse; as well as of the eclipse of him, the sun of righteousness, of the glory of his person, both by his incarnation, and by his sufferings."
C4 College Press: "...the darkness is suggestive of the "outer darkness" and utter separation from the presence of the Lord to be suffered by those who do not let Jesus' suffering be the price of their redemption..."
B10 Romans 5:6-9
C1 Who did Jesus die for?
C2 Who is the ungodly?
C3 Was Jesus ungodly?
C4 Why does the Scriptures say "without strength/weak?" (We cannot save ourselves or come to Jesus without prevenient grace).
C5 How are we saved from wrath? (Through the blood of Christ).
B11 2 Corinthians 5:21
C1 Did Jesus sin? (No).
C2 Why did He have to be sinless?
C1 To be the lamb of God without blemish.
C2 If He had sinned, then He would be dying for His own sins, not the sins of others.
C3 How are we righteous? (Jesus died and paid the penalty for our sins).
B12 Isaiah 53:1-12 (Read Isaiah 52:13-53:12)
C1 Characteristics of Messiah
D1 Is this a suffering Messiah or glorified Messiah? (Suffering Messiah)
D2 Why is He a man of sorrows?
D3 Why did the Lord lay on Him the iniquity of us all?
C2 Effects of Messiah
D1 How are we healed?
D2 Healed from what? (Sin. "But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities; The chastisement for our peace was upon Him, And by His stripes we are healed". (Isaiah 53:5, NKJV)
C3 Sufferings of Messiah
D1 What prison did Jesus stay in? (The court of the High Priest then Pilate's).
D2 Wounded and bruised. What does this mean? When did He receive these? (At the floggings and beatings).
D3 When was He oppressed? (His freedom was taken away).
C4 Blessings on the Messiah
D1 What blessings did He receive? (Descendants (the adopted children of God), Eternity, to see the Lord's pleasure, satisfaction, joy of seeing people justified, great things, spoil (to rule the world), etc.
D2 Why does He get these?
C5 Why does Scripture say "bore the sin of many" instead of "bore the sin of all"? (Because He, himself, is sinless and did not have to bear His own).
A4 Graphics/Handouts
B1 Timeline (Courtesy of http://www.examiner.com/list/timeline-of-jesus-death-on-the-cross-what-happened-before-during-and-after)
C1 Before Jesus' Crucifixion
D1 Maundy Thursday Night
E1 The Last Supper takes place in the upper room.
E2 Jesus is in the Garden of Gethsemane.
E3 Jesus is betrayed and arrested.
E4 The religious leaders condemn Jesus.
D2 Friday Morning, 6 a.m.
E1 Jesus stands trial before Pilate.
E2 Jesus is sent to Herod.
D3 7 a.m.
E1 Jesus is returned to Pilate.
E2 Jesus is sentenced to death.
D4 8 a.m.
E1 Jesus is led away to Calvary.
E2 The Crucifixion
D5 9 a.m. - "The Third Hour"
The soldiers cast lots for Jesus' clothing.
D6 10 a.m.
Jesus is insulted and mocked.
D7 11 a.m.
E1 Jesus talks to two thieves on cross.
E2 Jesus speaks to His mother and John.
D8 Noon - "The Sixth Hour"
Darkness covers the land. At Jesus' birth it became light during the night. At His death darkness comes during the death.
D9 1 p.m.
E1 Jesus cries out to the Father.
E2 Jesus says, "I thirst."
D10 2 p.m.
Jesus says, "It is finished."
D11 3 p.m. - "The Ninth Hour"
E1 Jesus dies on the cross.
E2 Events Following Jesus' Death
F1 The earthquake happened.
F2 The centurion says, "Surely, he was the Son of God!"
F3 The soldiers break the thieves' legs; Jesus' had already died.
F4 The soldier pierced Jesus' side.
D12 Jesus is laid in the tomb.
D13 Jesus rose from the dead on the third day.
B2 Graphic http://www.bibleresearch.org/observancebook5/jesusfinalweek.html